
Part 1· ~3 min read
PaleontologyPaleontology is a branch of science that investigates fossils of organisms that lived in various geological periods and helps provide information about species living in those eras. 166 Another definition of…
Claims and Answers
Paleontology is a branch of science that investigates fossils of organisms that lived in various geological periods and helps provide information about species living in those eras. 166 Another definition of…

Part 1· ~3 min read
PaleontologyPaleontology is a branch of science that investigates fossils of organisms that lived in various geological periods and helps provide information about species living in those eras. 166 Another definition of…
Part 2· ~2 min read
PaleoanthropologyPaleoanthropology is a branch of science that studies the origin and developmental process of man. Studies in this field are backed up by many other branches of science, but the greatest use is made of information…

Part 3· ~3 min read
“Panda’s Thumb” Error, TheOne of the classic evolutionist arguments is that of the Panda’s thumb, made famous by Stephen Jay Gould. Along with its five fingers, the panda also has a bony protrusion on its wrist known as the radial sesamoid bone.
Part 4· ~1 min read
Pangenesis Theory, TheThe ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle maintained that one part of all the cells in the body came together to form the egg and sperm. He also suggested that all the changes taking place in the body throughout an…

Part 5· ~2 min read
Panspermia Theory, TheFaced by the fact that amino acids cannot form by chance, evolutionists looked for a new explanation of how life might have arisen spontaneously under the conditions of the primeval world. According to their new…
Part 6· ~1 min read
Parallel Evolution Impasse, TheOne of the subjects that pose the worst dilemmas for evolutionists is those organs with exceedingly complex structures. Evolutionists claim that living things with very complex organs in common but with no common…

Part 7· ~1 min read
Pasteur, LouisAs a result of lengthy research and experiments, the famous French biologist Louis Pasteur concluded that: “Never will the doctrine of spontaneous generation recover from the mortal blow struck by this simple…

Part 8· ~4 min read
Peking Man Fraud, TheIn 1921, Dr. Davidson Black discovered two molar teeth in a depression near the village of Choukoutien, attached to the Chinese city of Pekin (Beijing). These two teeth were given the name Sinanthropus pekinensis and…

Part 10· ~2 min read
Peptide BondIt’s not enough for the varieties of amino acid necessary to form a protein to be in the appropriate number and sequence and to have the needed three-dimensional structure. They must also bond to one another by…

Part 11· ~1 min read
PhylogenyPhylogeny is the term used to describe the supposed evolutionary history of any group of living things. Phylogeny is evolutionists’ attempts to ascribe degrees of relatedness among living things, to reveal all the…
Part 12· ~1 min read
Phylum (Plural: Phyla)Biologists classify living things into various separate groups. This classification, known as taxonomy or systematic biology , consists of hierarchical categories.

Part 13· ~2 min read
Piltdown Man Fraud, TheIn 1912, Charles Dawson, a famous doctor and also an amateur paleontologist, claimed to have discovered a jawbone and part of a skull in a gravel pit near the village of Piltdown in England. Although the jawbone…
Part 15· ~1 min read
Plasmid TransferBacteria contain a small DNA molecule known as a plasmid in addition to the main DNA strands, or chromosomes. A plasmid is a small DNA ring found outside the chromosomes in many species of bacteria. A rounded DNA…
Part 16· ~1 min read
PlatypusThe platypus, a member of the marsupial family that lives in Australia, is an excellent example that invalidates evolutionist claims. Despite being a mammal, covered in fur and possessing milk glands, the platypus…

Part 17· ~2 min read
Pleiotropic Effect, TheOne of the proofs that mutations inflict only harm on living things is the coding of the genetic code. In developed animals, almost all the known genes contain more than one piece of information about that organism.…
Part 18· ~1 min read
PopulationPopulations are aggregations of a single species whose members often display considerable genetic variety. The individuals in any population determine that population’s genetic structure. In ecological terms, a…
Part 19· ~1 min read
Pre-Adaptation Myth, TheEvolutionists’ efforts to account for the origin of species in terms of transition from water to land, and from land to the air, require wide-ranging changes. Consider, for instance, how a fish emerging from water…

Part 20· ~3 min read
Primeval Atmosphere, TheThe term “primeval atmosphere” is used to describe the atmosphere when the Earth was first formed. For a long time, adherents of the theory of evolution maintained that the primitive atmosphere consisted of a mixture…
Part 21· ~1 min read
Primeval Earth, TheEvolutionists claim that the amino acids, the building blocks of life, came into being spontaneously in the environment of the primeval Earth. However, apart from a few chemical syntheses carried out consciously in…
Part 22· ~1 min read
Primeval Soup, TheSee The Chemical Evolution Deception and The Primordial Soup Fantasy.
Part 24· ~2 min read
Primordial Soup Fantasy, TheAccording to the theory of evolution, life emerged in the oceans between 3.5 and 4 billion years ago in an environment known as the “primordial soup.” According to the myth of evolution, primitive life began with…

Part 25· ~3 min read
ProteinProteins are giant molecules consisting of specific numbers and types of smaller molecules, known as amino acids , set out in particular sequences. The simplest proteins consist of around 50 amino acids, while others…

Part 27· ~2 min read
ProtoavisIn pointing to Archaeopteryx as an intermediate form, evolutionists began with the assumption that it was the earliest bird-like creature on Earth. However, the discovery of certain far older bird fossils displaced…
Part 29· ~3 min read
Punctuated Model of Evolution Myth, TheWhen the theory of evolution is mentioned, the neo-Darwinist model is still the first theory that comes to mind. ( See The Neo-Darwinist Comedy .) However, in the last few decades, a different model was born:…